31 May 1896 1. Chinery 3. Bullock 2. Lewis 4. Izard +-----+------+--------+------+-----+------+--------+ | E-W | Gain | Part’s | HAND | N-S | Gain | Part’s | +-----+------+--------+------+-----+------+--------+ | 8 | | | 1 | 10 | 2 | | +-----+------+--------+ +-----+------+--------+ | 4 | | 1 & 2 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 3 & 4 | +-----+------+--------+ +-----+------+--------+ | 6 | 1 | -4 | 3 | 5 | | +4 | +-----+------+--------+ +-----+------+--------+ | 3 | | | 4 | 5 | 2 | | +-----+======+========+ +-----+======+========+ | 7 | | | 5 | 8 | 1 | | +-----+------+--------+ +-----+------+--------+ | 6 | 2 | 1 & 3 | 6 | 4 | | 2 & 4 | +-----+------+--------+ +-----+------+--------+ | 3 | | +1 | 7 | 4 | 1 | -1 | +-----+------+--------+ +-----+------+--------+ | 10 | 1 | | 8 | 9 | | | +-----+======+========+ +-----+======+========+ | 5 | | | 9 | 6 | 1 | | +-----+------+--------+ +-----+------+--------+ | 9 | | 1 & 4 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 2 & 3 | +-----+------+--------+ +-----+------+--------+ | 10 | 2 | -1 | 11 | 8 | | +1 | +-----+------+--------+ +-----+------+--------+ | 2 | | | 12 | 3 | 1 | | +----------+----------+---------+----------+-------+ | Summary | 1 to 4 | 5 to 8 | 9 to 12 | Total | +----------+----------+---------+----------+-------+ | No 1 | -4 | +1 | -1 | -4 | | +----------+---------+----------+-------+ | 2 | -4 | -1 | +1 | -4 | | +----------+---------+----------+-------+ | 3 | +4 | +1 | +1 | +6 | | +----------+---------+----------+-------+ | 4 | +4 | -1 | -1 | +2 | +----------+----------+---------+----------+-------+ ] It must be remembered that the hands which are here scored N & S, in the 5th column, were E & W when originally dealt; so that the 1st and 5th columns are really the same hands. The score-card should be folded down the middle during the overplay, so that the original scores cannot be seen. It is even better to use a new card. _=Foster’s System=_ of playing two pairs at one table, which was used at all the matches for the Utica Trophy, in which one pair from a club challenged the pair that held the trophy for another club, consisted in having an umpire to transpose the suits between the original and the overplay of the deals. The trays containing the hands were sent in to the umpire’s room, and he had an extra pack of cards, from which he duplicated each hand of thirteen cards as he took it out of the pocket to which it belonged, but changed the suits, making clubs trumps instead of hearts, etc. This system was found to do away with the memory part of the game, it being very difficult to recognize a hand unless it had some startling feature.
] The object of this examination is to ascertain the value of the hand dealt to him, and to see whether or not it is worth while trying to improve it by discarding certain cards and drawing others in their place. The player should not only be thoroughly familiar with the relative value of the various combinations which may be held at Poker, but should have some idea of the chances for and against better combinations being held by other players, and should also know the odds against improving any given combination by drawing to it. The value of this technical knowledge will be obvious when it is remembered that a player may have a hand dealt to him which he knows is comparatively worthless as it is, and the chances for improving which are only one in twelve, but which he must bet on at odds of one in three, or abandon it. Such a proceeding would evidently be a losing game, for if the experiment were tried twelve times the player would win once only, and would lose eleven times. This would be paying eleven dollars to win three; yet poker players are continually doing this. _=RANK OF THE HANDS.=_ The various combinations at Poker outrank one another in the following order, beginning with the lowest. Cards with a star over them add nothing to the value of the hand, and may be discarded. The figures on the right are the odds against such a hand being dealt to any individual player. Five cards of various suits; not in sequence, and without a pair.
A person who is securing dice can be detected by the manner in which he holds the box, keeping his fingers, instead of his palm, over the mouth. When he turns the box face downward on the table, he will still have his fingers under it, and will withdraw them in regular order, the second and third fingers being first separated. _=THROWING DICE.=_ There are three methods of throwing dice: The first is to shake them in the box with the palm over the top, and then to shift the hold to the sides, completely exposing the mouth. The box is then turned mouth downward on the table, leaving all the dice completely covered. The box must be lifted by the person who is recording the throws, in a raffle, for instance, after the spectators have had time to assure themselves that all the dice are covered. If the caster has his fingers over the mouth of the box when he turns it over, or lifts the box himself, the throw is foul. The second method is known as rolling, or the _=long gallery=_, and is generally used in poker dice and such games. After the box has been shaken, the caster holds it by the side, and gives it a twist and a push, which causes the dice to pour out, and roll along the table. The third method is called _=shooting=_, and is always employed in craps.
_=TEAMS AGAINST TEAMS.=_ When several quartette teams compete with one another, Howell’s system of arrangement will be found the best. There are two methods; for odd and for even numbers of teams. _=Odd Numbers of Teams.=_ This is the simplest form of contest. Let us suppose five teams to offer for play, which we shall distinguish by the letters, _=a=_, _=b=_, _=c=_, _=d=_, _=e=_, arranging each at its own table thus:-- N a b c d e W + E a 1 a b 2 b c 3 c d 4 d e 5 e S a b c d e [Illustration: +---------------------------------+ +---------------------------------+ | MANHATTAN WHIST CLUB | | MANHATTAN WHIST CLUB | |Table No 1 May 6 1895 | |Table No 1 May 6 1895 | | O Team | | X Team | | 1 Chinery 3 Bullock | | 1 D. Jones 3 M. Boyce | | 2 Lewis 4 Izard | | 2 E. Wilson 4 H. Jones | +---+----+-----+----+---+-----+---+ +---+----+-----+----+---+-----+---+ |E-W|Gain|Trump|HAND|N-S|Check| | |E-W|Gain|Trump|HAND|N-S|Check| | +---+----+-----+----+---+-----+---+ +---+----+-----+----+---+-----+---+ | 6 | | DK | 1 | 7 | ✓ | | | 6 | | DK | 1 | 7 | ✓ | | | 8 | | H7 | 2 | 4 | ✓ |1&2| | 9 | 1 | H7 | 2 | 5 | ✓ |3&4| | 2 | | HJ | 3 | 9 | ✓ | | | 4 | 2 | HJ | 3 |11 | ✓ | | | 6 | 1 | S4 | 4 | 8 | ✓ |---| | 5 | | S4 | 4 | 7 | ✓ |---| | 3 | | S9 | 5 |10 | ✓ | | | 3 | | S9 | 5 |10 | ✓ | | | 8 | 1 | D3 | 6 | 6 | ✓ |1&3| | 7 | | D3 | 6 | 5 | ✓ |2&4| |10 | 1 | C5 | 7 | 4 | ✓ | | | 9 | | C5 | 7 | 3 | ✓ | | | 8 | | HQ | 8 | 4 | ✓ |---| | 9 | 1 | HQ | 8 | 5 | ✓ |---| | 5 | 1 | DK | 9 | 9 | ✓ | | | 4 | | DK | 9 | 8 | ✓ | | | 4 | 1 | SA | 10 |10 | ✓ |1&4| | 3 | | SA | 10 | 9 | ✓ |1&4| | 7 | | S3 | 11 | 5 | ✓ | | | 8 | 1 | S3 | 11 | 6 | ✓ | | |11 | 1 | C2 | 12 | 3 | ✓ |---| |10 | | C2 | 12 | 2 | ✓ |---| | |--- | | 13 | | | | | |--- | | 13 | | | | | | +6 | | 14 | | | | | | +5 | | 14 | | | | | | | | &c | | | | | | | | &c | | | | +---+----+-----+----+---+-----+---+ +---+----+-----+----+---+-----+---+ ] [Illustration: +---------------------------------+ +---------------------------------+ | MANHATTAN WHIST CLUB | | MANHATTAN WHIST CLUB | |Table No 2 May 6 1895 | |Table No 2 May 6 1895 | | O Team | | X Team | | 1 Chinery 3 Bullock | | 1 D.
The game is sometimes varied by playing freeze-out, a value being attached to the three counters, and players who are decavé retiring from the game until all the counters have been won by a single player. Two other combinations are sometimes introduced in either form of Commerce: A flush, three cards of one suit, ranking next below the straight flush; and a single pair outranking the point. Another variety of Commerce is variously known as _=My Ship Sails; or My Bird Sings=_. The counters have a money value, and three are given to each player. Three cards are dealt, face down, and one at a time. There is no widow. The eldest hand may then exchange one card with the player on his left, who must give his card before seeing the one he is to receive. The exchange goes round to the left. The moment any player finds himself with a flush, three cards of the same suit, regardless of their value, whether dealt to him, or made by exchange, he says: “My Ship Sails;” and all exchange is stopped, and the hands are shown. Should there be more than one flush, the pips win, counting ace for 11, and other court-cards for 10 each.
Backgammon, by Kenny Meadows, 1844. Backgammon and Draughts, by Berkeley. Pocket Guide to Backgammon, by “Cavendish.” Bohn’s Handbook of Games. REVERSI. This game requires a special board of sixty-four squares. Two players are each provided with thirty-two men which are red on one side and black on the other. The first player sets a man on any of the four squares in the middle of the board, and then his opponent places another man in the same four squares, each player having his own colour uppermost. After the first move on each side, the object of each player is so to set his men that they shall be next to an opposing man, but with one of his own men in a direct line on the other side, horizontally, vertically, or diagonally, no matter how far off the man in line may be. When a player succeeds in doing this, he reverses the colour of all the intervening men, turning them to his own side.
NORWEGIAN WHIST. _=CARDS.=_ This variety of whist is played with a full pack of fifty-two cards, which rank from the A K Q down to the deuce. In cutting, the ace is low. _=PLAYERS.=_ Four persons cut for partners, the two highest playing against the two lowest, the lowest cut having the choice of seats and cards and dealing the first hand. _=DEALING.=_ The cards shuffled and cut, thirteen are given to each player, one at a time in rotation to the left. No trump is turned, as every hand is played without a trump. _=MISDEALING.
ANALYSIS OF GAME-RHYMES. +---+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+ |No.| Belfast. | Halliwell. | Liphook. | +---+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+ | 1.| -- | -- | -- | | 2.| -- | -- | -- | | 3.| -- | -- | -- | | 4.| -- | -- | -- | | 5.
The same is true of the four X players; and if there is any difference in the number of tricks taken by the opposing fours, it is supposed to be due to a difference in skill, other matters having been equalised as far as the limitations of the game will permit. The overplay finished, the cards are gathered, shuffled, cut, and dealt afresh, East now having the original lead. It must be remembered that the deal can never be lost, and that no matter what happens, the player whose proper turn it is to deal must do so. _=NUMBERING HANDS.=_ The hands simultaneously played are scored under the same number, but distinguished by the number of the table at which they are first dealt. Each pair of partners in a team play two No. 1 hands, in one of which they are N & S; in the other E & W. _=SCORING.=_ The result of the hand is entered upon the score sheets, which the opposing players at each table should then compare, and turn them face down, leaving them on the table when they change places. Let us suppose the N & S partners of the O team to make 7 tricks at table No.
_=Sixty-three.=_ In this variation, nine cards are dealt to each player, three at a time. After the bidding, the players discard and fill up again to six cards. Players are allowed several bids, each raising in turn if he is raised. The highest bid possible is sixty-three, and these may be made as follows: High, low, Jack, and ten of trumps count 1 each; pedros, 5 each; King of trumps, 25; trey of trumps, 15; nine of trumps, 9. Game is 150 points. _=Widow Cinch.=_ Six players cut for partners, two on a side. Each player has two adversaries between himself and his partner. The dealer gives each player eight cards, four at a time, and four are dealt to the table after the first round to the players.
This proportion makes a very fair game, and gives a player some opportunity to vary his betting according to his estimate of the value of his hand. Where the blind is five cents, the ante ten, and the limit twenty-five, the game ceases to be Poker, and becomes a species of _=show-down=_. It is universally admitted by good judges that a player can lose more money at twenty-five cent show-down than he will at two-and-a-half Poker. There are several other variations in the manner of arranging the stakes and the betting limits, but they will be better understood after the game itself has been described. _=DEALING.=_ The age having put up the amount of the blind, and the cards having been shuffled by any player who chooses to avail himself of the privilege, the dealer last, they are presented to the pone to be cut. The pone may either cut them, or signify that he does not wish to do so by tapping the pack with his knuckles. Should the pone decline to cut, no other player can insist on his so doing, nor do it for him. Beginning on his left, the dealer distributes the cards face down one at a time in rotation until each player has received five cards. The deal passes to the left, and each player deals in turn.
Hoges The hoges, a boy s game played with peeries (peg-tops). The victor is entitled to give a certain number of blows with the spike of his peerie to the wood part of his opponent s.--Patterson s _Antrim and Down Glossary_. See Gully, Hoatie. Ho-go A game played with marbles. The first player holds up a number in his closed hand and says, Ho-go; the second says, Handfull; the first then says, How many? The other guesses. If he should guess correctly he is entitled to take them all; but otherwise he must give the difference between the number he guessed and the number actually held up to make.--Lowsley s _Berkshire Words_. It is also called How many eggs in a basket? --London (J. P.
All not first chosen are gone over in this way. Those left unchosen take their stand beside the Namer. There is then a tug-of-war, with the Namer and Foolie as the leaders.--Keith (Rev. W. Gregor). In Hants the children stand _vis-à-vis_, as in a country dance. One of the number is sent out of earshot, and the others decide with the Captain as to the name of the bird each wishes to personate. The Captain then calls to the child who is out, Tom Fool, Tom Fool, come home from school, and pick me out a blackbird, cuckoo, or other bird. If Tom Fool is wrong in his guessing after three trials, he is condemned to run the gauntlet, being pelted with gloves or handkerchiefs not too mercifully.
At first, this bid was largely used simply as an additional game-going declaration, and was strongly objected to by many leading players. But as its true place as a defensive bid became better understood it soon came into favour. In the nullo there are no honours, and the declarer scores the tricks over the book made by his opponents, which he forces them to take. Many interesting card problems have been built upon the nullo. Toward the end of 1913 still another change seems to have suggested itself to some of the English players who were familiar with the Russian game of vint, and that is to play auction just as it is played up to the point of the lead to the first trick, but that no dummy is exposed, the four players holding up their cards and following suit just as they would at whist. Whether or not this game will ever become as popular as the combination of dealer and dummy, it is difficult to say, but appearances are against it. There seems to be a growing tendency in America to adopt the English rule of cutting out the spade suit at 2 a trick, and making it always a royal spade, worth 9. The dealer is allowed to pass without making a bid, the lowest call being one club. If all pass, the deal goes to the left. BRIDGE.
Mr. Crombie also said he believed that the early Christians adopted the general idea of the ancient game, but they not only converted it into an allegory of heaven, with Christian beliefs and Christian names; they Christianised the figure also; they abandoned the heathen labyrinth and replaced it by the form of the Basilicon, the early Christian church, dividing it into seven parts, as they believed heaven to be divided, and placing paradise, the inner sanctum of heaven, in the position of the altar, the inner sanctum of their earthly church. See Hap the Beds. Hop, Step, and Jump See Half-Hammer. Hornie A game among children in which one of the company runs after the rest having his hands clasped and his thumbs pushed out before him in resemblance of horns. The first person whom he touches with his thumbs becomes his property, joins hands with him, and aids in attempting to catch the rest: and so on until they are all made captives. Those who are at liberty still cry out, Hornie, Hornie. --Lothian (Jamieson). Jamieson says: Whether this play be a vestige of the very ancient custom of assuming the appearance and skins of animals, especially in the sports of Yule, or might be meant to symbolise the exertions made by the devil (often called Hornie ) in making sinful man his prey, and employing fellow-men as his coadjutors in this work, I cannot pretend to determine. See Hunt the Staigie, Whiddy.
Suppose the clothes should float away, daughter, daughter? Take a boat and bring them in, mother, mother. Suppose the boat would go too slow, daughter, daughter? Take a steamboat and bring them in, mother, mother. Suppose the steamboat would go too fast, daughter, daughter? Then take a rope and hang yourself, mother, mother. --South Shields (Miss Blair, aged 9). (_b_) One child stands apart and personates the Mother. The other children form a line, holding hands and facing the Mother. They advance and retire singing the first, third, and alternate verses, while the Mother, in response, sings the second and alternate verses. While the last verse is being sung the children all run off; the Mother runs after them, catches them, and beats them. Either the first or last caught becomes Mother in next game. In the Shropshire game the Mother should carry a stick.
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p. 421. The following forms are those known to me, with their names. They are produced seriatim. 1. The cradle. 2. The soldier s bed. 3. Candles.
If the caller has not the lead he must calculate in advance for trumping in, and if his plain suits are not quite established, he will require more trumps than would otherwise be necessary. The greatest danger to an abundance player who has not the original lead, is that his best suit will be led through him, and trumped, either on the first or second round. The caller is often trapped into unnecessarily high trumping when suits are led through him a second or third time. _=The Adversaries=_ have little chance to defeat an abundance unless they can over-trump the caller, or ruff his good cards before he can exhaust the trumps. It is best for the Right to lead his longest suit, and for the Left to lead his shortest. A guarded King suit should not be led under any circumstances; nor a short suit Ace high. If an adversary has a single trump of medium size, such as a J or 10, it is often good play to trump a partner’s winning cards, so as to be sure of preventing the caller from making a small trump. If an adversary has trumped or over-trumped, it is very important to lead that suit to him again as soon as possible. The rules for discarding that are given in connection with Whist should be carefully observed; especially in the matter of showing command of suits. _=SPREADS.
The strong-arm stuff was over. This was the casino s TK. What kept you, Brother? I said, sounding a little sore. These characters were going to kick my teeth out. His grin had a taste of viciousness. I did give them a little time, he agreed. How was I to know? He looked calmly at them over the tops of his glasses. You can go now, he said, like a schoolmarm dismissing class. The gorillas helped the blindly staring dealer to his feet, brushing at the sawdust that clung to his clothing, and had him presentable by the time they led him through the door. They seemed glad to get away.
We give an example. [Illustration: +-------+----+----+----+----++---------+--------+ | Pairs | a | b | c | d || Matches | Tricks | +-------+----+----+----+----++---------+--------+ | a | \ | +3 | -2 | +5 || 2 | +6 | | |----+----+----+----++---------+--------+ | b | -3 | \ | +4 | -1 || 1 | 0 | | |----+----+----+----++---------+--------+ | c | +2 | -4 | \ | -2 || 1 | -4 | | |----+----+----+----++---------+--------+ | d | -5 | +1 | +2 | \ || 2 | -2 | +-------+----+----+----+----++---------+--------+ ] The _=a=_ pair wins the tie with _=d=_, being 6 tricks plus. _=Six Pairs.=_ This is a very awkward number to handle, and should be avoided if possible. The whole could be played at three tables simultaneously; but such a course would necessitate their changing places ten times, following a very complicated schedule in so doing. The simplest way to handle six pairs is to arrange them at three tables, two of which are constantly in play, the third only half the time. This is the first position:-- b d f a 1 a c 2 c e 3 e b d f Tables 1 and 2 deal and play two hands each, and then exchange trays with each other. At table 3, two hands are dealt and played, both being left in the trays. The players at tables 1 and 2 then change adversaries; dealing, playing and exchanging two fresh hands. The players at the third table remain idle, or look on.
50. If a player make an insufficient or impossible declaration, either adversary may demand that it be penalized. The penalty for an insufficient declaration is that the bid is made sufficient in the declaration named and the partner of the declarer may not further declare unless an adversary subsequently bid or double. The penalty for an impossible declaration is that the bid is made seven in the suit named and the partner of the declarer may not further declare unless an adversary subsequently bid or double. Either adversary, instead of penalizing an impossible declaration, may demand a new deal, or that the last declaration made on behalf of his partnership become the final declaration. 50_a_. If a player who has been debarred from bidding under Laws 50 or 65, during the period of such prohibition, make any declaration (other than passing), either adversary may decide whether such declaration stand, and neither the offending player nor his partner may further participate in the bidding even if the adversaries double or declare. 50_b_. A penalty for a declaration out of turn (see Law 49), an insufficient or impossible declaration (see Law 50), or a bid when prohibited (see Law 50_a_) may not be enforced if either adversary pass, double, or declare before the penalty be demanded.[11] 50_c_.
In sixty-four-card Binocle twelve cards are sometimes dealt to each player. _=Misdealing.=_ A misdeal does not lose the deal, but in some cases a new deal is at the option of the adversary. If the dealer exposes a card belonging to the adversary or to the stock, the pone may demand a new deal; but if either player exposes any of his own cards, the deal stands good. If too many cards are given to either player, there must be a new deal. If too few, the pone may claim a fresh deal, or allow the dealer to supply the missing cards from the top of the stock, without changing the trump card. If any card but the trump is found faced in the pack, there must be a new deal. If a card faced in the stock is not discovered until the first trick has been played to, the exposed card must be turned face down, without disturbing its position. If a pack is found to be imperfect, the deal in which the error is discovered is void, but all previous cuts or scores made with that pack stand good. _=METHOD OF PLAYING.
Then two children run under the line of handkerchiefs. The Dorset version is played by as many as like standing, two and two, opposite each other, each of them taking with the right hand the right hand of the other; then the two that are the King and Queen say or sing the first question, to which the others reply, and the dialogue ends in this manner. Then all the other pairs hold up their hands as high as they can, and the King and Queen run through the archway and back again, and so on with the next pair, and other pairs in turn. The Isle of Man version is played, Mr. Moore says, the same as other Thread the Needle games. (_c_) The game is evidently dramatic in form, and perhaps is illustrative of some fact of history, such as the toll upon merchandise entering a walled town. The changes in the words of the different versions are not very great, but they show the influence of modern history upon the game. The appearance of King George evidently points to the date when it was frequently played, though the older versions are doubtless those in which his Majesty does not do duty. Mactaggart has the following quaint note which perhaps may supply the origin, though it seems a far cry to the Crusaders:-- This sport has something methinks of antiquity in it; it seemeth to be a pantomime of some scenes played off in the time of the Crusades. King and Queen o Cantilon evidently must be King and Queen of Caledon, but slightly changed by time.
The value of this technical knowledge will be obvious when it is remembered that a player may have a hand dealt to him which he knows is comparatively worthless as it is, and the chances for improving which are only one in twelve, but which he must bet on at odds of one in three, or abandon it. Such a proceeding would evidently be a losing game, for if the experiment were tried twelve times the player would win once only, and would lose eleven times. This would be paying eleven dollars to win three; yet poker players are continually doing this. _=RANK OF THE HANDS.=_ The various combinations at Poker outrank one another in the following order, beginning with the lowest. Cards with a star over them add nothing to the value of the hand, and may be discarded. The figures on the right are the odds against such a hand being dealt to any individual player. Five cards of various suits; not in sequence, and without a pair. [Illustration: 🂡* 🃘* 🂶* 🂴* 🂢*] Even _=One Pair.=_ Two cards of one kind and three useless cards.
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