507, observes that the ballad concerning London Bridge formed, in my remembrance, part of a Christmas Carol, and commenced thus-- Dame, get up and bake your pies, On Christmas-day in the morning. The requisition goes on to the dame to prepare for the feast, and her answer is-- London Bridge is fallen down, On Christ-mas day in the morning, &c. The inference always was, that until the bridge was rebuilt some stop would be put to the Dame s Christmas operations; but why the falling of London Bridge should form part of a Christmas Carol at Newcastle-upon-Tyne I am at a loss to know. Some fragments were also printed in the _Mirror_ for November 1823; and a version is also given by Ritson, _Gammer Gurton s Garland_. The _Heimskringla_ (Laing, ii. 260, 261) gives an animated description of the Battle of London Bridge, when Ethelred, after the death of Sweyn, was assisted by Olaf in retaking and entering London, and it is curious, that the first line of the game-rhyme appears-- London Bridge is broken down, Gold is won and bright renown; Shields resounding, War-horns sounding, Hild is shouting in the din; Arrows singing, Mail-coats ringing, Odin makes our Olaf win. If this is anything more than an accidental parallel, we come back to an historical episode wherein the breaking down and rebuilding of London Bridge occur, and it looks as if the two streams down which this tradition has travelled, namely, first, through the game, and second, through the song, both refer to the same event. Dr. Rimbault has, in his _Nursery Rhymes_, p. 34, reconstructed a copy of the original rhyme from the versions given by Halliwell and the _Mirror_, and gives the tune to which it was sung, which is reprinted here.
So far, and a little vaingloriously, the general. Let me now shrug my shoulders and shake him off, and go over this battle he describes a little more exactly with the help of the photographs. The battle is a small, compact game of the Fight-to-a-Finish type, and it was arranged as simply as possible in order to permit of a full and exact explanation. [Illustration: Fig. 6b--Battle of Hook s Farm. Position of Armies at end of Blue s third move.] [Illustration: Fig. 7--Battle of Hook s Farm. Red s Left Wing attempting to join the Main Body.] Figure 1 shows the country of the battlefield put out; on the right is the church, on the left (near the centre of the plate) is the farm.
_=PROBABILITIES.=_ In estimating the value of his hand as compared to that of any other player, before the draw, the theory of probabilities is of little or no use, and the calculations will vary with the number of players engaged. For instance: If five are playing, some one should have two pairs every fourth deal, because in four deals twenty hands will be given out. If seven are playing, it is probable that five of them will hold a pair of some kind before the draw. Unfortunately, these calculations are not of the slightest practical use to a poker player, because although three of a kind may not be dealt to a player more than once in forty-five times on the average, it is quite a common occurrence for two players to have threes dealt to each of them at the same time. The considerations which must guide the player in judging the comparative value of his hand, both before and after the draw, must be left until we come to the suggestions for good play. _=THE ANTE.=_ The player to the left of the age is the one who must make the first announcement of his opinion of his hand, unless he has straddled, in which case the player on the left of the last straddler has the first “_=say=_.” If he considers his hand good enough to draw to, let us say a pair of Kings, he must place in the pool, or toward the centre of the table, double the amount of the blind, or of the last straddle, if any. This is called the ante, because it is made before playing the hand, whereas the blind is made before seeing it.
The striker cannot score by a stroke made with both feet off the floor, but is subject to any penalty he may otherwise incur. 19. If the striker play before all the balls have ceased rolling, or before a pool ball has been respotted, or whilst any pool ball has been wrongly spotted, he cannot score, and the next player in rotation shall proceed from the position in which the balls have been left. The striker is subject to any penalty he may otherwise incur. 20. If the striker play with the wrong ball, he shall be penalized in the value of the black ball. 21. If the striker touch a ball in play otherwise than in the proper manner laid down in these Rules, he cannot score and the balls shall be replaced. After the balls are replaced the stroke must be played, if the striker was still in play when the ball was moved or touched, and he is subject to any other penalty he may incur. Should he touch a ball after the completion of any stroke, _i.
Here is another simple little game. Take the black pieces this time, but make the white men move first, of course. P-K4 Kt-KB3 KtxP 1 ---- 2 ------ 3 ------ P-K4 Kt-KB3 Kt-QB3 You don’t take the King’s Pawn; it is much more important to develop your pieces rapidly. KtxKt P-Q3 B-Kt5 4 ----- 5 ----- 6 ----- QPxKt B-QB4 KtxP White’s sixth move is bad, and you immediately take advantage of it. If he takes your Knight with his Pawn, you will take his K B P with your Bishop, and say “Check.” If he takes the Bishop you win his Queen. If he moves his King you check again with your other Bishop, which will force him to take your black Bishop, and lose his Queen. BxQ K-K2 7 ------ 8 ---------- BxP ch K-Kt5 mate If the beginner will examine the position, he will find that there is no way of escape for the King, and Black wins. Openings are usually divided into five principal classes: Those in which the first piece developed is the _=King’s Knight=_; those in which the _=King’s Bishop=_ is the first piece brought into play; those in which a _=Gambit=_ is offered on the second move, usually a sacrificed Pawn; those which are called _=Close=_ openings, securing a good defensive game for the black pieces; and those which are _=Irregular=_. In the following outline of fifty of the openings, only the first four moves are given, and usually only one variation is selected, the object being more to give the student an idea of the development than to exhaust the subject.
Pyramid Pool, 631 Baulk-line Billiards, 625 Black Pool, 642 Books on Billiards, 650 Bottle Pool, 649 Chicago Pool, 633 Colour-ball Pool, 639 Continuous Pool, 632 Cow-boy Pool, 634 Cushion Caroms, 626 English Billiards, 643 English Pool, 639 English Pyramid Pool, 632 English Billiard Laws, 644 Fifteen-ball Pool, 629 Forty-one Pool, 633 High-low-jack Game, 633 Laws of Billiards, American, 627 Little Corporal, 648 Pin Pool, 647 Shell Out Pool, 632 Snooker Pool, 636 Spanish Game of Billiards, 649 Binochle, 395 Melds, 398 Auction Binochle, 407 Gaigel, 406 Three-handed, 405 Four-handed, 407 Black Jack or Lady, 356 Black Pool, English, 642 Blind All Fours, 325 Blind Cinch, 340 Blind Euchre, 278 Blind Hookey, 527 Block Game, _dominoes_, 606 Bluff, _poker_, 245 Boodle, 507 Books on Billiards, 650 Boston, 165 Payments, 171 French Boston, 179 Russian Boston, 183 Boston de Fontainebleau, 174 Bottle Pool, 649 Bouillotte, 254 Bowling Alley Laws, 662 Brag, _poker_, 250 Brelan, 254 Bridge, xxv, 28 Bridge Laws, 41 Bridge Tactics, 28 Doubling, 32 Illustrative Hand, 34 Making the Trump, 28, 31 Opening Leads, 33 Text Books, 59 Bridge, Varieties of, 35 Auction Bridge, xxv Bridge for Three, 36 Bridge for Two, 36 Double Dummy Bridge, 39 Draw Bridge, 40 Duplicate Auction, 35 Duplicate Bridge, 38 King’s Bridge, 40 Misery Bridge, 37 Pivot Bridge, 37 Progressive Bridge, 38 Reversi Bridge, 40 Short Bridge, 40 Six-hand Bridge, 39 Three-hand Auction, 35 Calabrasella, 489 California Jack, 330 Call-ace Euchre, 287 Canfield, 693 Cartomancie, 513 Cassino, 478 Spade Cassino, 485 21 Point Cassino, 484 Royal Cassino, 485 Draw Cassino, 485 Catch the Ten, 159 Cayenne, 138 Centennial, _dice_, 618 Chance, and its Laws, 651 Concurrent Events, 654 Conflicting Events, 654 Dice Probabilities, 655 Distribution of Suits, 656 Distribution of Trumps, 656 Doubling up Bets, 657 Luck, 651 Martingales, 657 Maturity of the Chances, 652 Playing Progression, 658 Poker Probabilities, 655 Successive Event, 652 Whist Probabilities, 656 Checkers, 577 The Openings, 580 The Four Positions, 582 Theory of the Move, 584 Illustrative Games, 586 Devil and Tailors, 587 Checker Laws, 588 Losing Game, 587 Polish Draughts, 587 Chemin de fer, 526 Chess, 546 The Openings, 557 The Endings, 567 Games at Odds, 565 Knights’ Tour, 570 American Laws, 571 Chicago Pool, 633 Chinese Bézique, 394 Chinese Fan Tan, 528 Chinese Whist, 184 Chouette Bézique, 394 Chuck Luck, 540 Cinch, 334 Auction Cinch, 340 Blind Cinch, 340 Progressive Cinch, 340 Sixty-three, 340 Widow Cinch, 341 Illustrative Hands, 342 Cinch Laws, 344 Razzle-Dazzle, 340 Cinq-Cents, 383 Colour-ball Pool, 639 Commerce, 252 Commercial Pitch, 330 Commit, 503 Compass Whist, 113 Continuous Pool, 632 Conquian, 486 Cow-boy Pool, 634 Cushion Carroms, 626 Craps, _dice_, 614 Cribbage, 442 Five-card Cribbage, 460 Six-card Cribbage, 444 Seven-card Cribbage, 462 Solitaire Cribbage, 700 Three-hand Cribbage, 461 Four-hand Cribbage, 461 Cut-throat Euchre, 277 Dice Games, 611 Ace in the Pot, 617 Base-Ball, 616 Centennial, 618 Chuck-Luck, 540 Crap Shooting, 614 Going to Boston, 617 Help Your Neighbour, 619 Law of Chances, 613 Multiplication, 618 Passe Dix, 619 Poker Dice, 615 Probabilities, 655 Raffles, 613 Round the Spot, 618 Sweat, 540 Ten Pins, 616 Throwing Dice, 612 Under and Over Seven, 543 Vingt-et-un, 618 Discard Hearts, 356 Distribution of Suits, Whist, 657 Distribution of Trumps, Whist, 657 Division Loo, 319 Doctrine of Chances, 651 Domino Hearts, 357 Dominoes, 605 All Fives, 609 All Threes, 610 Bergen Game, 609 Block Game, 606 Draw Game, 608 Domino Pool, 609 Matadore, 608 Muggins, 609 Sebastopol, 609 Dom Pedro, 334 Double Dummy Bridge, 39 Double Dummy Whist, 130 Double Pedro, 334 Doubling-up Bets, 657 Draughts, 577 Draw Bridge, 47 Draw Cassino, 485 Draw Game, _dominoes_, 608 Draw Poker, 208 Drive Whist, 687 Dummy, 127 Duplicate Bridge, 45 Duplicate Whist, 100 Apparatus Necessary, 102 Club against Club, 103 Compass Whist, 113 Foster’s Pair System, 115 Gilman’s Team System, 109 Howell Pair System, 114 Individual against Individual, 114 Laws of Duplicate Whist, 119 Married Couples System, 118 Memory Duplicate, 110 Pair against Pair, 110 Safford’s Systems, 116 Team against Team, 105 Dutch Bank, 527 Earl of Coventry, 502 Ecarté, 293 Jeu de règle, 299 Pool Ecarté, 306 Enflé, 370 English Billiards, 643 English Billiard Laws, 644 English Following Pool, 639 English Pyramid Pool, 632 English Whist Laws, 196 Euchre Family of Games, 263 Euchre, 264 Auction Euchre, 279 Bid Euchre, or 500, 287 Blind Euchre, 278 Call-ace Euchre, 287 Cut-Throat, 277 Five-handed, 286 French Euchre, 279 Jambone, 283 Jamboree, 283 Laps, 283 Laws of Euchre, 288 Military Euchre, 281 Penalty Euchre, 279 Progressive Euchre, 280 Railroad Euchre, 282 Set-Back Euchre, 278 Seven-handed Euchre, 284 Slams, 283 Fan Tan, 528 Fan Tan with Cards, 509 Farmer, or Ferme, 520 Faro, 529 Favourite Whist, 99 Fifteen-ball Pool, 629 Five-card Cribbage, 460 Five-card Loo, 323 Five-handed Euchre, 286 Five Hundred, 287 Five and Ten, 316 Five or Nine, 509 Flat Poker, 229 Following Pool, 639 Fortune Telling, 513 Forty-five, 316 Forty-one Pool, 633 Four-ball Billiards, 626 Four-handed Cribbage, 461 ” ” Bézique, 382 ” ” Binocle, 407 ” ” Sixty-six, 413 Four Jacks, 369 Freeze-out, _poker_, 228 French Boston, 179 French Carrom Game, 624 French Dummy, 133 French Euchre, 279 French Games:-- Ambigu, 259 Baccara, 521 Bouillotte, 254 Cinq-Cents, 383 Ferme, 520 Humbug Whist, 132 Impérial, 476 Macao, 520 Mort, 133 Nain Jaune, 505 Rouge et Noir, 534 Roulette, 536 Trente et Quarante, 534 Vingt-et-un, 517 Frog, 441 Gaigel, 406 General Laws, Card Games, 671 German Games:-- Binocle, 395 Kreutz Mariage, 413 Schwellen, 370 Sixty-six, 408 Skat, 415 Solo, 493 Go-bang, 604 Going to Boston, _dice_, 617 Halma, 604 Hazard, _dice_, 540, 614 Hearts:--, 349 Auction Hearts, 354 Black Jack, 356 Black Lady, 356 Discard Hearts, 356 Domino Hearts, 357 Heartsette, 357 Howell’s Hearts, 352 Illustrative Hands, 366 Joker Hearts, 355 Laws of Hearts, 371 Progressive Hearts, 356 Spot Hearts, 355 Sweepstake Hearts, 352 Three-handed Hearts, 354 Two-handed, 354 Heart Solo, 498 Heartsette, 357 Help Your Neighbour, _dice_, 619 High Five, 334 High-low-jack, 325 ” ” ” Pool, 633 Howell Pairs, Whist, 114 Howell’s Hearts, 352 Humbug Whist, 132 I Doubt It, 695 Impérial, 476 Irish Loo, 323 Jack Pots, _poker_, 223 Jambone, _euchre_, 283 Jamboree, _euchre_, 283 Jass, 696 Two-hand Jass, 697 Jeu de Règle, _écarté_, 299 Jink Game, _spoil five_, 315 Joker Hearts, 355 Keno, or Lotto, 539 King’s Bridge, 40 Klondike, 512 Kreutz Mariage, 413 Lansquenet, 543 Laps, _euchre_, 283 Law of Chances, 651 Laws of all Games, 671 Laws, Official Codes for:-- Backgammon, 601 Billiards, American, 627 Billiards, English, 644 Bowling, or Ten Pins, 662 Bridge, 41 Chess, 571 Checkers, 588 Cinch, 344 Euchre, 288 Hearts, 371 Poker, 238 Skat, 435 Ten Pins, or Bowling, 662 Whist, American, 186 Whist, Duplicate, 119 Whist, English, 196 Laws of Probabilities, 651 Lift Smoke, 502 Little Corporal, 648 Loo, or Division Loo, 319 Five-card Loo, 323 Irish Loo, 323 Losing Game, _draughts_, 587 Lotto, 539 Luck, 651 Macao, 520 Man-of-war Billiards, 644 Martingales, 657 Matadore, _dominoes_, 608 Matrimony, 504 Maturity of the Chances, 652 Memory Duplicate, 110 Military Euchre, 281 Misery Bridge, 37 Mistigris, _poker_, 216 Monte Bank, 542 Monte Carlo Betting Limit, 658 Morelles, 604 Mort, 133 Muggins, _dominoes_, 609 Multiplication, _dice_, 618 My Bird Sings, 253 My Ship Sails, 253 Nain Jaune, 505 Napoleon, 307 National Games:--, 414 America, Cassino, 478 England, Cribbage, 442 Germany, Skat, 415 France, Piquet, 463 Italy, Calabrasella, 489 Mexico, Conquian, 486 Newmarket, 507 Nine Men’s Morris, 604 Norwegian Whist, 688 Odd Games, 497 Old Maid, 501 Old Sledge, 325 Patience Games, 510 Patience Poker, 698 Pedro, 333 Peep Nap, 312 Penalty Euchre, 279 Penchant, 384 Pinochle, 395 Pin Pool, 632 Piquet, 463 Piquet Normand, 473 Piquet Voleur, 473 Piquet a Ecrire, 474 Rubicon Piquet, 475 Pitch, 325 Pivot Bridge, 37 Playing Progression, 658 Pochen, 508 Poker Family of Games, 207 Poker, 207 Bluff, 245 Bluffing, 237 Cheating, 229 Draw Poker, 208 Eccentric Hands, 215 Flat Poker, 229 Freeze Out, 228 Going In, 232 Good Play, 231 How to Win, 236 Jack Pots, 223 Joker Poker, 216 Mistigris, 216 Odds against Hands, 216 Patience Poker, 698 Poker Gin, 692 Poker Rum, 691 Poker Laws, 238 Probabilities, 217, 233, 655 Progressive Poker, 248 Rank of Hands, 213 Schnautz, 248 Show-down Poker, 229 Straight Poker, 245 Stud Poker, 246 Table Stakes, 227 Text-books, 262 Thirty-one, 248 Whiskey Poker, 247 Poker Dice, 615 Polignac, 369 Polish Bézique, 382 Polish Draughts, 587 Pool Games:-- Amer. Pyramid Pool, 631 Black Pool, English, 642 Bottle Pool, 649 Chicago Pool, 633 Colour-ball Pool, 639 Continuous Pool, 632 Cow-boy Pool, 634 English Pyramid Pool, 632 Eng. Following Pool, 639 Fifteen-ball Pool, 629 Following Pool, 639 Forty-one Pool, 633 High-low-jack Pool, 633 Little Corporal, 648 Pin Pool, 647 Shell Out, 632 Spanish Pool, 649 Pool with Dominoes, 609 Pool Ecarté, 306 Pope Joan, 505 Preference, 496 Probabilities, 651 Progressive Bridge, 38 Progressive Cinch, 340 Progressive Euchre, 280 Progressive Hearts, 356 Progressive Poker, 248 Progressive Whist, 119 Prussian Whist, 98 Purchase Nap, 311 Pyramid Pool, 631 Quatre Valets, 369 Quinze, 521 Raffles, _dice_, 613 Railroad Euchre, 282 Rams, 317 Ranter Go Round, 508 Razzle-Dazzle, 340 Reversi, 603 Reversi Bridge, 40 Rondeau, 541 Rouge et Noir, 534 Roulette, 536 Rounce, 319 Round the Spot, _dice_, 618 Royal Cassino, 485 Rubicon Bézique, 386 Rubicon Piquet, 475 Rum, 689 Double-pack Rum, 692 Single-pack Rum, 689 Poker Gin, 692 Poker Rum, 691 Russian Backgammon, 602 Russian Boston, 183 Sancho Pedro, 333 Saratoga, 507 Scat, see Skat, 415 Schnautz, 248 Schwellen, 370 Scotch Whist, 159 Sebastopol, _dominoes_, 609 Sell Out, 330 Set-back Euchre, 278 Seven-handed Euchre, 284 Seven-card Cribbage, 462 Seven-up, 325 Shasta Sam, 330 Shell-out Pool, 632 Shooting Craps, 614 Short Bridge, 47 Show-down Poker, 229 Shuffle Board, 619 Six-card Cribbage, 444 Six-hand Bridge, 39 Sixty-four Card Binocle, 375 Sixty-three, _cinch_, 340 Sixty-six, 408 Four-handed, 413 Kreutz Mariage, 413 Three-handed, 413 Skat, 415, 434 Game Values, 421 Scoring, 427 Illustrative Hands, 432 Skat Laws, 435 Slams, _euchre_, 283 Slobberhannes, 368 Smudge, 333 Snip-snap-snorem, 502 Snooker Pool, 649 Snoozer, 334 Solitaires, 510, 693, 698, 700 Solo, 498 Three-handed Solo, 499 Solo Whist, 144 Spade Cassino, 485 Spanish Monte, 542 Spanish Pool, 649 Speculation, 501 Spin, 507 Spoil Five, 312 Spot Hearts, 355 Stops, 507 Straight Poker, 245 Stud Poker, 246 Sweat, _dice_, 540 Sweepstake Hearts, 352 Table Games, 544 Table Stakes, _poker_, 227 Technical Terms, 674 Telling Fortunes, 513 Ten Pins, or Bowling, 660 American Ten Pins, 662 Battle Game, 665 Cocked Hat, 664 Cocked Hat & Feather, 665 “Don’ts” for Players, 669 Duck Pin Game, 669 Five Back, 668 Four Back, 667 Head Pin; four back, 666 Head Pin Out, 667 Kinsley Candle Pin, 669 Newport Game, 668 Nine Up and Nine Down, 666 Ten Pins with Dice, 616 Three-card Monte, 542 Thirty-one, _poker_, 248 Three-cushion Carroms, 626 Three-handed Auction, 35 ” ” Bézique, 382 ” ” Bridge, 36 ” ” Cribbage, 461 ” ” Hearts, 354 ” ” Binocle, 405 ” ” Sixty-six, 413 Throwing Dice, 612 Trente et Quarante, 534 Tric-trac, 590 Twenty-one Point Cassino, 484 Two-handed Bridge, 36 ” ” Hearts, 354 Under and over Seven, 543 Varieties of Bridge, 42 Vingt-et-un, 517 Vingt-et-un with Dice, 518 Vint, 493 Whiskey Poker, 247 Whist Family of Games, xvii Whist, 60 American Laws, 186 Auction Bridge, xxv Bridge, xxv, 28 Bid Whist, 687 Cayenne Whist, 138 Chinese Whist, 184 Double Dummy, 130 Dummy, 127 Dummy Laws, 206 Drive Whist, 687 Duplicate Whist, 100 English Laws, 196 Favourite Whist, 99 French Whist, 164 German Whist, 183 Humbug Whist, 131 Memory Duplicate, 110 Mort, 133 Norwegian Whist, 688 Probabilities, 656 Progressive Whist, 119 Prussian Whist, 98 Scotch Whist, 159 Solo Whist, 144 Text Books, 99 Thirteen and the Odd, 132 Whist Family Laws, 186 Whist Tactics, 70 Albany Lead, 86 American Game, 94 American Laws, 186 American Leads, 88 Conventional Plays, 70 Deschapelles Coups, 91 Discarding, 80 Discard Signals, 90 Echo in Plain Suits, 90 Echo in Trumps, 86 Eleven Rule, 79 False Cards, 92 Finessing, 92 Forcing, 80 Four-signal, 86 Fourth-hand Play, 84 General Directions, 60 General Principles, 68 High-card Leads, 72 How to Study, 70 Illustrative Hands, 97 Inferences, 93 Inviting a Ruff, 88 Leader’s Partner, 78 Leading Plain Suits, 72 Leading Short Suits, 91 Leading Trumps, 71 Low Card Leads, 74 Low’s Signal, 90 Methods of Cheating, 67 Method of Playing, 61 Minneapolis Lead, 89 Partner’s Duties, 78 Placing the Lead, 92 Plain-suit Echo, 90 Playing to the Score, 92 Returning Partner’s Suits, 80 Scoring, 64 Second-hand Play, 81 Short-suit Game, 91-94 Short-suit Leads, 74-61 Signal Game, 85 Stacking Tricks, 63 Suggestions for Good Play, 67 Tenace Positions, 91 Third Hand Play, 78 Trump Signals, 85 Unblocking, 90 Underplay, 91 Using the Markers, 66 Works on Whist, 99 Widow Binocle, 408 Widow Cinch, 341 Yerlash, _see_ Vint, 493 INTRODUCTION. The word “Hoyle” has gradually come to stand as an abbreviation for an “Encyclopedia of Indoor Games.” The common expression, “played according to Hoyle,” usually means “correctly played,” or “played according to the standard authorities.” The original Edmund Hoyle wrote on very few games, but his work was the first attempt to put together the rules for the most popular indoor games in one volume. Although Hoyle died more than a hundred years ago, his work has been constantly added to as new games came into vogue, which has led many to believe that he is the authority for games that he never heard of, such as pinochle and poker. Persons who have never given the subject much attention may be surprised to learn how little authority there is for the rules governing the majority of our popular games. If we except the table games, such as chess, checkers, billiards, backgammon and ten pins, and such card games as whist, bridge, auction, and skat, all of which are regulated by well-defined codes of laws, agreed upon by associations of prominent clubs, to govern championship contests, etc., we have very few games left which are not played in different ways in various localities.
Suppose he draws a card that will fit one of his sequences; it is to his advantage to pass it; but upon laying it on the table his adversary may take it up and force him with it, by placing it at the end of his sequence, at the same time saying: “Discard.” In the same manner a player holding one of the cards of his adversary’s show-down sequence or triplet may force after using a card, by placing his discard on his adversary’s sequence, instead of laying it on the table. If it is laid on the table, the adversary may pass it at once, by turning it down, and it is then too late to compel him to use it. Suppose you think your adversary holds two cards of an unplayed sequence, and has a triplet on the table. If you can use one of those sequence cards in his hand to advantage, and can force him by giving him the fourth card of his triplet, which is of no use to you, you should do so; but you must remember that you cannot force except after using a card yourself, because you are not allowed to discard under any other circumstances. If a player looks at any of the cards that have been passed and turned down, his adversary may take up and examine the remainder of the stock, but without disturbing the position of the cards therein, and without showing them. If a player looks at any of the cards in the stock except the one he draws, his adversary may look at all of them. If a player draws out of turn, his adversary simply claims the card. _=Showing.=_ After the last card is drawn from the stock and passed, each player shows the remainder of his hand, and as neither can combine his cards so as to get eleven down, it is a tableau, and each puts a counter in the pool for the next hand.
There is no play, and the hand is turned up and counted, scoring it on a regular cribbage board. The crib is then counted and scored. Leaving the starter still face up on the top of the pack, the eight cards in hand and crib are thrown aside. For the next deal, the player gives himself three cards from the top of the pack, one of which was the starter on the last deal, then two for the crib and three more for himself, discarding for the crib, cutting a starter, counting and scoring hand and crib as before. This is continued until only four cards are left, one of them being the starter for the last deal. Turn up these four cards and count them as a hand. The game is usually 91 points, and the object of the solitaire player is to see if he can reach the game hole without going through the pack more than once. If he does not reach with six hands and cribs, each with a starter, and one hand of four cards without a starter, he has failed to get the solitaire. _=WHEN TWO OR MORE PLAY.=_ The object is now to see which player or partnership can get the greatest number of points in going through the pack once, each playing his own solitaire with his individual pack, but keeping level with his opponents in the matter of hands and deals.
--A. B. Gomme. In Ellesmere, Miss Burne says, Snap-tongs, called in other circles Magic Music or Musical Chairs, is thus played. Five players take part; four chairs are set in the middle, and one of the players, who holds a pair of tongs, desires the others to dance round them till the clock strikes a certain hour, which is done by snapping the tongs together so many times. While they dance, a chair is taken away, and the player who cannot find a seat has to become the snap-tongs next time.--_Shropshire Folk-lore_, p. 525. Nacks A game in which pegs of wood play a similar part to the well-known object Aunt Sally. --Robinson s _Mid Yorkshire Glossary_.
Mouse and the Cobbler One girl stands up and personates a mother, another pretends to be a mouse, and crouches behind a chair in a corner. The mother says to another player-- Go and get your father s shirt. This player goes to the chair to look for the shirt, and is tickled or touched by the one hiding. She rushes back and calls out-- Mother, there s a mouse. Go and get your father s coat. There s a mouse. Go and get your father s watch and chain. There s a mouse. The Mother then goes to see herself. The second time she is scratched and chased.
A is always the original leader, and Z is the dealer. The underlined card wins the trick, and the card under it is the next one led. _=No. 1. Long Suits=_; | T| _=No. 3. Short Suits=_; ♡5 turned. | R| ♡Q turned. | I| --------------------------------+ C+-------------------------------- A Y B Z | K| A Y B Z +-------+-------+-------+-------+--+-------+-------+-------+-------+ | _♣K_ | ♣5 | ♣7 | ♣3 | 1| Q♢ | K♢ | _A♢_ | 2♢ | | ♡10 | ♡J | _♡Q_ | ♡5 | 2| 2♠ | _A♠_ | J♠ | 5♠ | | _♣Q_ | ♣J | ♣2 | ♣10 | 3| 4♢ | 10♢ | 3♢ | _J♢_ | | ♡7 | ♡3 | _♡9_ | ♡8 | 4| ♡2 | ♡5 | ♡3 | ♡Q | | _J♠_ | 9♠ | 2♠ | 5♠ | 5| ♡6 | _♡A_ | ♡4 | ♡J | | ♣A | ♡4 | _♡6_ | 5♢ | 6| ♣8 | ♣2 | ♣3 | ♣K | | 4♠ | _♡K_ | A♠ | 6♠ | 7| _♡7_ | 8♢ | 5♢ | 7♢ | | J♢ | 7♢ | 2♢ | _K♢_ | 8| _♡K_ | 4♠ | 6♢ | ♡9 | | _♡2_ | 3♢ | 4♢ | A♢ | 9| _K♠_ | 7♠ | 6♠ | 8♠ | | _♣9_ | 6♢ | 3♠ | 8♢ |10| _Q♠_ | ♣4 | ♣5 | 10♠ | | _♣8_ | 9♢ | 7♠ | 8♠ |11| 9♠ | ♣Q | ♣6 | ♡10 | | _♣6_ | 10♢ | K♠ | 10♠ |12| _♡8_ | 9♢ | ♣7 | ♣J | | _♣4_ | Q♢ | _♡A_ | Q♠ |13| _3♠_ | ♣A | ♣10 | ♣9 | +-------+-------+-------+-------+--+-------+-------+-------+-------+ --------------------------------+ +-------------------------------- _=No. 2.
Chambers, _Popular Rhymes_, p. 124, gives a version of this game. It is practically the same as Mr. Ballantyne s version, with only a few verbal differences. Mactaggart says, The chief drift of this singular game seemed to be to discover the sweethearts of one another, and such discoveries are thought valuable, but not so much as they were anciently. In any case, it appears to me that the game is an early one, or, at all events, a reflection of early custom. Hickety, Bickety Hickety, bickety, pease-scone, Where shall this poor Scotchman gang? Will he gang east, or will he gang west, Or will he gang to the craw s nest? --Chambers (_Popular Rhymes_, p. 122). One boy stands with his eyes bandaged and his hands against a wall, with his head resting on them. Another stands beside him repeating the rhyme, whilst the others come one by one and lay their hands upon his back, or jump upon it.
--Earls Heaton, Yorks. (Herbert Hardy). VI. Here comes three jolly, jolly sailors, Just arrived on shore; We ll spend our money like merry, merry men, And then we ll work for more. Hurrah for the round, round ring, Hurrah for the round, round ring; And he that loves a pretty, pretty girl, Let him call her from the ring. --Shipley, Horsham (_Notes and Queries_, 8th series, i. 210, Miss Busk). (_b_) This game is played at Warwick as follows:--The children form a large ring, clasping hands and standing still. One child walks round inside the ring, singing the verses. This child then chooses another from the ring, bending on one knee and kissing her hand.
One runs round with a handkerchief and drops it; the child behind whom it is dropped chases the dropper, the one who gets home first takes the vacant place, the other drops the handkerchief again. In Shropshire the two players pursue one another in and out of the ring, running under the uplifted hands of the players who compose it: the pursuer carefully keeping on the track of the pursued (Burne s _Shropshire Folk-lore_, p. 512). The Dorsetshire variant is accompanied by a rhyme: I wrote a letter to my love; I carried water in my glove; And by the way I dropped it-- I dropped it, I dropped it, I dropped it, &c. This is repeated until the handkerchief is stealthily dropped immediately behind one of the players, who should be on the alert to follow as quickly as possible the one who has dropped it, who at once increases her speed and endeavours to take the place left vacant by her pursuer. Should she be caught before she can succeed in doing this she is compelled to take the handkerchief a second time. But if, as it more usually happens, she is successful in accomplishing this, the pursuer in turn takes the handkerchief, and the game proceeds as before.--Symondsbury (_Folk-lore Journal_, vi. 212). Jack lost his supper last night, And the night before; if he does again to-night, He never will no more--more--more--more.
_=38. Opening.=_ After the cards are dealt, each player in turn, beginning on the dealer’s left, may open the pot for any amount he pleases within the betting limit, provided he holds a pair of Jacks, or some hand better than a pair of Jacks. If he does not hold openers, or does not wish to open the pot with them, he must say: “I pass;” but must not abandon his hand, under penalty of paying five counters to the pool. _=39. False Openers.=_ Should a player open a jack without the hand to justify it, and discover his error before he draws, his hand is foul, and he forfeits whatever amount he may have already placed in the pool. Those who have come into the pool after the false opening, stay in and play for the pot, regardless of the value of the hands dealt them. _=40. Fattening.
A and Y together must win ten tricks, with diamonds for trumps. If no one makes a proposal of any sort, _=Misère Partout=_ is played; there being no trump suit. The player or players taking the least number of tricks win or divide the pool. There are no other losses or gains in Misère Partout. _=HONOURS.=_ In any call in which there is a trump suit, the A K Q and J of trumps are honours, and may be counted by the successful bidder if he carries out his proposal. If the single player, or a caller and his partner have all four honours dealt them, they score as for four over-tricks; if three, as for two over-tricks. Honours do not count for the adversaries under any circumstances. In bidding on a hand, it must be remembered that although honours will count as over-tricks in payments, they cannot be bid on. If a player has nine tricks and two by honours in his hand, he cannot bid eleven.
Some players extend this principle to the Second Hand, and play Ace on a small card led, when holding A x x x x with weak trumps. This is open to the objection that it gives up command of the adverse suit too early in the hand; but it saves many a trick. _=The Plain-suit Echo.=_ This is another device for giving information as to number. When the original leader begins with a high card, the Third Hand should play his third-best if he holds four or more; and on the second round his second best, always retaining his fourth-best and any below it. The value of this echo is much disputed, and the adversaries can usually render it ineffective by holding up small cards; a practice very much in vogue with advanced players. _=Low’s Signal.=_ This is the latest system of indicating to the leader the number of cards in his suit held by the Third Hand. With four or more of the suit, the third-best is played to the lead of a high card, or when no attempt is made to win the trick. In retaining the suit, the second-best is led if three or more remain, and on the third round, or in a discard, the highest is played, always retaining the fourth-best and those below it.
Upon the tap of the bell all play immediately ceases, even if in the middle of a deal. If the players at any but the head table have reached five points before the bell rings, they play on, counting all points made until the bell taps. _=Progressing.=_ The partners winning the game at the head table each receive a gold star, and retain their seats for the next game. The losing players at the head table go down to the booby table. All the winning players at the other tables receive red stars, and go to the table next in order above, those at table No. 2, going to No. 1. Those losing and remaining at the booby table each receive a green star. _=Changing Partners.
The English game is 5 points, rubbers being always played. Besides the points scored for tricks, honours are counted; the games have a different value, according to the score of the adversaries; and the side winning the rubber adds two points to its score. In scoring, the revoke penalty counts first, tricks next, and honours last. _=The Revoke.=_ Should the adversaries detect and claim a revoke before the cards are cut for the following deal, they have the option of three penalties: 1st. To take three tricks from the revoking player, adding them to their own. 2nd. To deduct three points from his game score. 3rd. To add three points to their own game score.
The players having once taken their seats are not allowed to change them without the consent of all the others at the table. _=DEALING.=_ The cards having been properly shuffled, are presented to the pone to be cut. Beginning on his left, the dealer distributes the cards three at a time, until only four remain. These he deals one at a time, turning up the last for the trump. When two packs are used, the player sitting opposite the dealer shuffles the still pack while the other is dealt. The deal passes in regular rotation to the left. When three play with a pack of forty cards, the last card is turned up for trumps, but it does not belong to the dealer, and is not used in play. The general rules with regard to irregularities in the deal are the same as at Whist; except that a misdeal does not pass the deal. The misdealer must deal again, and with the same pack.
The player takes some definite card, such as the soda, or the first winner or loser, as his starter, and whatever the colour of the third card of each denomination, that is, the card that makes it a case, he plays it to win or lose, according to the system of colours he is playing. Many players reverse on the last turn. When a player bets one card to lose and another to win, and loses both bets on the same turn, he is _=whipsawed=_. _=The Last Turn.=_ If three different cards are left in for the last turn, the players can _=call the turn=_, naming the order in which they think the cards will be found. Suppose the three cards left in the box are the 9 8 2, these may come in six different ways:-- 9 8 2 9 2 8 8 9 2 8 2 9 2 9 8 2 8 9 The odds against any one of these ways are 5 to 1; but the dealer pays 4 for 1 only. In calling the turn, the bet is strung from the selected loser to the selected winner. If the third card intervenes, the bet is strung away from it, to show that it goes round the layout to the other card. If there are two cards of the same denomination in the last turn, it is called a _=cat-hop=_; and as it can come only three ways, the dealer pays 2 for 1. Suppose the cards are 8 8 5, they can come:-- 8 8 5 8 5 8 5 8 8 If three cards of the same denomination are left, the call is by the colour, and is paid 2 for 1.
He gives illustrations, one of which is here reproduced from the original MS. in the British Museum. The game is also described in the Rev. J. G. Wood s _Modern Playmate_, p. 12. [Illustration] Knocked at the Rapper The girl who spoke of this game, says Miss Peacock, could only remember its details imperfectly, but as far as she recollects it is played as follows:--The players dance round a centre child, leaving one of their number outside the circle. The dancers sing to the one in their midst-- Here comes ----, He knocked at the rapper, and he pulled at the string, Pray, Mrs. ----, is ---- within? At is ---- within, the child outside the circle is named.
Give me another to stick in my other To carry her a little bit farther. --Belfast (W. H. Patterson). II. London Bridge is broken, And what shall I do for a token? Give me a pin to stick in my thumb And carry my lady to London. --_Notes and Queries_, 4th series, xii. 479. III. Give me a pin to stick in my chin (? cushion) To carry a lady to London; London Bridge is broken down And I must let my lady down.