(_b_) The following is an account of the dance as it was known in Derbyshire amongst the farmers sons and daughters and the domestics, all of whom were on a pretty fair equality, very different from what prevails in farm-houses of to-day. The Cushion Dance was a famous old North-country amusement, and among the people of Northumberland it is still commonly observed. The dance was performed with boisterous fun, quite unlike the game as played in higher circles, where the conditions and rules of procedure were of a more refined order. The company were seated round the room, a fiddler occupying a raised seat in a corner. When all were ready, two of the young men left the room, returning presently, one carrying a large square cushion, the other an ordinary drinking-horn, china bowl, or silver tankard, according to the possessions of the family. The one carrying the cushion locked the door, putting the key in his pocket. Both gentlemen then went to the fiddler s corner, and after the cushion-bearer had put a coin in the vessel carried by the other, the fiddler struck up a lively tune, to which the young men began to dance round the room, singing or reciting to the music:-- Frinkum, frankum is a fine song, An we will dance it all along; All along and round about, Till we find the pretty maid out. After making the circuit of the room, they halted on reaching the fiddler s corner, and the cushion-bearer, still to the music of the fiddle, sang or recited:-- Our song it will no further go! The Fiddler: Pray, kind sir, why say you so? The Cushion-bearer: Because Jane Sandars won t come to. The Fiddler: She must come to, she shall come to, An I ll make her whether she will or no. The cushion-bearer and vessel-holder then proceeded with the dance, going as before round the room, singing Frinkum, frankum, &c.
If any one break up a table, the remaining players have the prior right to him of entry into any other, and should there not be sufficient vacancies at such other table to admit all those candidates, they settle their precedence by cutting. SHUFFLING 26. The pack must neither be shuffled below the table nor so that the face of any card be seen. 27. The pack must not be shuffled during the play of the hand. 28. A pack, having been played with, must neither be shuffled by dealing it into packets, nor across the table. 29. Each player has a right to shuffle, once only, except as provided by Rule 32, prior to a deal, after a false cut [_see_ Law 34], or when a new deal [_see_ Law 37] has occurred. 30.
Betsy Blue came all in black, Silver buttons down her back. Every button cost a crown, Every lady turn around. Alligoshi, alligoshee, Turn the bridle over my knee. --Middleton (Burne s _Shropshire Folk-lore_, p. 523). II. Barbara, Barbara, dressed in black, Silver buttons all up your back. Allee-go-shee, allee-go-shee, Turn the bridle over me. --Shepscombe, Gloucestershire (Miss Mendham). III.
It is played with three dice, which are usually thrown down a funnel in which several cross-bars are placed. The player is offered five different forms of betting, all of which appear on the _=Layout=_, and which cover all the combinations possible with three dice. [Illustration: +-----------------------+ | Single Numbers. | HIGH. +---+---+---+---+---+---+ LOW. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | +---+---+---+---+---+---+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | 18| 17| 16| 15| 14| 13| 12| 11| 10| 9| 8| 7| 6| 5| 4| 3| +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ |180| 60| 29| 18| 12| 8| 6| 6| 6| 6| 8| 12| 18| 29| 60|180| +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ +-----------------------+ | Raffles. | ODD. +---+---+---+---+---+---+ EVEN. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | +---+---+---+---+---+---+ ] The Raffles are sometimes indicated by a representation of one face of a die. Bets on single numbers pay even money, if the number bet on comes up on the face of any of the three dice.
Foster in 1881, in connection with the game of whist, is now used by everyone with any pretensions to being a bridge player. The rule itself is this:-- When the eldest hand leads any card which is not an honour, deduct the spots on it from eleven. From the remainder thus found, deduct the number of cards, _=higher than the one led=_, which are not in your own hand nor in Dummy’s in that suit. This final remainder is the number of cards which are in the declarer’s hand which are higher than the card led. The principal thing to remember is, that it is only the cards higher than the one led that you need trouble about. To illustrate:-- Suppose you are third hand, and your partner leads the seven of clubs, Dummy lays down the Q 9 2, and you hold A J 3, thus:-- [Illustration: 🃗 Leader Dummy 🃝 🃙 🃒 Third hand. 🃑 🃛 🃓 ] Deducting seven from eleven, you find it leaves four. These four cards, higher than the one lead, are all in sight, Q 9 in Dummy; A J in your own hand, therefore the declarer cannot have any card higher than the seven. If he has, your partner’s lead is not his fourth-best, as you will see if you lay out the cards. _=RETURNING SUITS.
CENTENNIAL. Two persons or sides play with three dice. The object of the game is to secure pips on the dice, or multiples of pips, which will make the figures from 1 to 12 in numerical order, and afterward the numbers from 12 to 1 again. The first side to accomplish this wins the game. There must be an ace in the first throw or nothing counts; that obtained, any following numbers may be made singly, or by adding two or more together. Suppose the first throw is 4, 2, 1. The 1 and 2 will make 1, 2 and 3. Then the 4, 1, 2 will make 4, 5, 6 and 7. Each side continues to throw until it fails to score, when the box must be passed to the adversary. If a combination is overlooked by one side, the other may count it if it continues the sequence on their side.
You can t see her, she s washing. I ve come to see how Jenny Jones is to-day. You can t see her, she s ironing [she s starching, she s brewing, she s baking, _successively_]. I ve come to see how Jenny Jones is to-day. You can t see her, she s ill [then she s worse]. I ve come to see how Jenny Jones is to-day. You can t see her, she s dead! _Chorus._ There s red for the soldiers, Blue for the sailors, White for the angels [for the _baby_, Chirbury], And black for the mourners [of poor Jenny Jones]. --Berrington, Chirbury (_Shropshire Folk-lore_, p. 577).
Muggins is sometimes varied by playing from both ends of the first doublet set, as well as from the sides. It is not necessary to play on the ends of the first set until one cannot play on the line; but any of the four points may be played to at any time. The end of the first doublet does not count in making multiples of five, but the ends of any dominoes played to it must be counted. If only one end of the first doublet has been played to, there will be three ends to count to make multiples of five; and if both ends of the first doublet have been played to, there will be four ends. Every count must take in all the ends that are in play. The highest count possible is 35; all four lines open, with the 6-6, 4-4, 5-5, and 0-5 at the ends. _=ALL THREES.=_ Muggins is sometimes played by making the object to get multiples of three at the ends, instead of multiples of five. Otherwise the game is the same as All Fives. There are several _=card games=_ with dominoes, but they are little used, and hardly worth description in a work of this kind.
If any player leads the trump ace, the holder of Pam must pass the trick if he can do so without revoking. The old usage was for the holder of the trump ace to notify any player holding Pam to pass, if he wished him to do so; but that is quite superfluous, as no player wants to lose his ace of trumps, and it goes without saying that he wants Pam to pass it. * * * * * Interesting articles on Loo will be found in “Bell’s Life,” the “Field,” the “Sportsman,” and the “Westminster Papers;” Vol. II. of the latter especially. ALL FOURS FAMILY. All Fours is to be found amongst the oldest games of cards, and is the parent of a large family of variations, all of which are of American birth. The youngest member of the family, Cinch, seems to have a bright future before it, and bids fair to become one of our most popular games. The chief defect in Cinch has been the method of scoring, which left too much to luck. In the following pages the author has attempted to remedy this.
O mother, O mother, do you think this is true? O yes, love! O yes, love! And what shall I do? I ll wash you in butter-milk, I ll dress you in silk, I ll write down your name with my gold pen and ink. --Isle of Man (A. W. Moore). XIII. Green gravel, green gravel, the grass is so green, The flowers are all faded and none to be seen. O [Dolly], O [Dolly], your sweetheart is dead, He s sent you a letter to turn back your head. Wallflowers, wallflowers, growing up so high, We are but little, and we shall have to die! Excepting [Dolly Turner], she s the youngest girl. O for shame, and fie for shame, and turn your back to home again. --Madeley, Shropshire (Miss Burne).
You keep trying to reach even when you are not making contact. Suddenly she swung around on him. You pinlighters! You and your damn cats! Just as she stamped out, he burst into her mind. He saw himself a radiant hero, clad in his smooth suede uniform, the pin-set crown shining like ancient royal jewels around his head. He saw his own face, handsome and masculine, shining out of her mind. He saw himself very far away and he saw himself as she hated him. She hated him in the secrecy of her own mind. She hated him because he was--she thought--proud, and strange, and rich, better and more beautiful than people like her. He cut off the sight of her mind and, as he buried his face in the pillow, he caught an image of the Lady May. She _is_ a cat, he thought.
His tray was still half-full. This was the moment. It was a generalized sort of lift, the kind of thing that qualifies a TK for the Thirty-third degree. I heaved at the thousand-dollar bills I had had marked in the morning, without the faintest idea of where they were. The tray lurched in the waiter s hand, throwing glasses to the floor. Most of them shattered when they struck the real wood planks, splashing whisky and mix on our legs. I looked across the table and grinned at Fowler Smythe. His scowl had an awful lot of forehead to work on. What the devil! I could read his lips say over the racket. But Barney, the stick-man who d felt my Blackout, caught on a lot quicker.
2.] A number of children stoop down in a row, clasping their hands under their legs. One child stands in front of them, and acts as owner or seller; another acts as purchaser (fig. 1). The purchaser inquires-- Have you any honey pots for sale? Yes, plenty; will you walk round and taste them? The purchaser goes round, pretending to taste each one in turn, inquiring the price and weight; finds fault with several, one being too sweet and the other not fresh enough, and so on. When one honey pot is discovered to the purchaser s taste, she is lifted by the purchaser and owner, or by two children who act as weights or scales, and then swung by her arms backwards and forwards to estimate her weight and price (fig. 2). As long as the child can keep her hands clasped, so long is the swinging kept up; and as many times as they count, so many is the number of pounds she weighs. The seller sometimes said, when each one was bought-- Take her and bake her, And into pies make her, And bring her back When she is done. They were not brought back, and the owner had to catch and bring back each one.
=_ Although the dice may be perfectly fair, the box may be “crooked.” A fair box may be of leather, perfectly smooth inside, or it may be of bone, ivory or wood, with the interior “screwed” or grooved. If the upper edge of the inside presents a sloping flat surface, slightly roughened with sand paper, it will be just as well to refuse to allow such a box to be used, as your adversary _is_ probably an expert at _=securing=_, which is a method of holding one of the dice securely against this upper edge while the others are shaken and rattled about in the usual manner. A person who is securing dice can be detected by the manner in which he holds the box, keeping his fingers, instead of his palm, over the mouth. When he turns the box face downward on the table, he will still have his fingers under it, and will withdraw them in regular order, the second and third fingers being first separated. _=THROWING DICE.=_ There are three methods of throwing dice: The first is to shake them in the box with the palm over the top, and then to shift the hold to the sides, completely exposing the mouth. The box is then turned mouth downward on the table, leaving all the dice completely covered. The box must be lifted by the person who is recording the throws, in a raffle, for instance, after the spectators have had time to assure themselves that all the dice are covered. If the caster has his fingers over the mouth of the box when he turns it over, or lifts the box himself, the throw is foul.
_=Tenace Positions.=_ Many expert players will not lead away from a suit in which they hold tenace. Having two suits, one containing a tenace, and the other without it, they will select the latter, although it may be much weaker. It is noteworthy that players who disregard the value of holding a tenace in the opening lead, are well aware of its importance toward the end of the hand. When one player holds tenace over another, the end game often becomes a struggle to place the lead; and players frequently refuse to win tricks in order to avoid leading away from tenaces, or to compel another player to lead up to them. _=Underplay=_ is often resorted to by the Fourth Hand in suits in which the Third Hand has shown weakness. For instance: A small card is led; Third Hand playing the Ten, and Fourth Hand holding A Q J x. It is a common artifice to win with the Queen, and return the small card. When the original leader is underplayed in his own suit, he should invariably put up his best card. _=Finessing.
Those marked x are chiefly devoted to the Short-suit game. Art of Practical Whist, by Major Gen. Drayson. * Foster’s Whist Manual, by R.F. Foster. * Foster’s Whist Tactics, by R.F. Foster. x Foster’s Common Sense in Whist, by R.
A player dealing out of turn may be stopped before the trump card is turned; but after that the deal must stand, afterward passing to the left in regular order. On the completion of the deal, if any player has more or less than five cards, it is a misdeal, and the deal passes to the player on the misdealer’s left. The dealer loses his deal if he neglects to have the pack cut; if he deals a card incorrectly, and fails to remedy the error before dealing another; if he counts the cards on the table, or those remaining in the pack; or if he deals two cards to one player and three to another in the same round. If the pack is found to be imperfect, the deal in which the error is discovered is void; but all previous scores stand good. _=MAKING THE TRUMP.=_ Although a card is turned up at the end of the deal, the suit to which it belongs is not necessarily the trump for that hand. Each player in turn, beginning on the dealer’s left, whether he be an adversary or a partner of the dealer’s, may insist on the turn-up suit remaining the trump; or he may declare that he is indifferent as to which suit is the trump, the one turned up or some other. But should one player in his proper turn decide in favour of the turn-up, no player after him can alter the decision. When it comes to the dealer’s turn, if no other player has decided to retain the suit turned up, he must either let the trump remain as it is, or insist on its being changed. As the individual or side that settles which suit shall be the trump is said to _=make the trump=_, it will be necessary to describe the method of scoring in order to understand the principles that guide the players in deciding on the trump suit.
_, not in secret. He gives the words of a sort of musical catch, sung in the Midlands, similar in character to this game, which may once have been used in some courting game. Mr. Newell (_Games_, p. 124) gives a version sung in the streets of New York, and considers it to be a relic of antiquity, a similar round being given in _Deuteromelia_, 1609. Jowls A game played by boys, much the same as Hockey, and taking its name, no doubt, from the mode of playing, which consists in striking a wooden ball or knorr from the ground in any given direction with a sufficiently heavy stick, duly curved at the striking end.--Atkinson s _Cleveland Glossary_. It is also given in _Yorkshire Glossary_ (Whitby). See Bandy, Doddart, Hockey. Jud A game played with a hazel nut bored and run upon a string.
Alluding to the first described form, he says it is probably a more modern game, and quotes Cotgrave _sub voce_ Chastelet as authority for the earlier form in the way he describes it (_Dictionary_). Addy says the nuts were hardened for the purpose. When a nut was broken it was said to be cobbered or cobbled (_Sheffield Glossary_). Evans _Leicestershire Glossary_ also describes it. Darlington (_South Cheshire Words_) says this game only differs from Cobblety-cuts in the use of small nuts instead of chestnuts. George Eliot in _Adam Bede_ has, Gathering the large unripe nuts to play at Cob-nut with (p. 30). Britton s _Beauties of Wiltshire_ gives the Isle of Wight and Hants as other places where the game is known. See Conquerors. Cock One boy is chosen Cock.
Where s the pig going to lie? Lie in the dolly-tub. And what am I to wash in? Wash in a thimble. A thimble wunna hold a cap. Wash in an egg-shell. An egg-shell wunna hold a shirt. Wash by the river-side. Suppose the clothes should float away? Get a boat and fetch them back. Suppose the boat should overthrow? Serve you right for going after them! --Berrington, Oswestry, Chirbury (Burne s _Shropshire Folk-lore_, p. 515). IV.
There are no discards. _=Impérials.=_ Certain combinations of cards are known as impérials, and the player marks one red counter for each of them. The best impérial is carte blanche, which is sometimes marked as a double impérial, and worth two reds. A sequence of K Q J A in any suit is an impérial. An impérial de retourne may be formed in the dealer’s hand if the turn-up trump completes his sequence or makes four of a kind. An impérial tombée, or de rencontre, is made when the player who holds the King and Queen of trumps catches the Jack and Ace from his adversary. Four Kings, Queens, Jacks, Aces, or Sevens in one hand is an impérial; but the Eights, Nines and Tens have no value. _=Declaring.=_ The elder hand announces his point, as in Piquet, and arrives at its value in the same way, reckoning the Ace for 11, etc.
For instance: there are six players. [Illustration: First cut is:-- 🂥 🃘 🃋 🂷 🃞 🃈 Second cut is:-- 🂴 🃒 ] The 5 and 7 have the first and second choice of seats; the 2 and 4 the third and fourth choice. _=PLAYERS’ POSITIONS.=_ There are only three distinctive positions at the poker table: the _=dealer=_; the _=pone=_; and the _=age=_. The pone is the player on the dealer’s right, and the age is the one on his left. _=STAKES.=_ Before play begins, or a card is dealt, the value of the counters must be decided, and a _=limit=_ must be agreed upon. There are four limitations in Draw Poker, and they govern or fix the maximum of the four principal stakes: the blind; the straddle; the ante; and the bet or raise. The _=blind=_ is the amount put up by the age before he sees anything, and should be limited to one white counter, as the blind is the smallest stake in the game. In some places it is permissible for the age to make the blind any amount he pleases within half the betting limit; but such a practice is a direct violation of the principles of the game, which require that the amount of the blind shall bear a fixed proportion to the limit of the betting.
vii. On page 62, last line, _insert_ vol. xix. _after_ _Journ. Anthrop. Inst._ On page 66, line 4, _delete_ Move All. On page 224, fig. 3 of Hopscotch should be reversed. On page 332, diagram of London omitted.